It is very common for people to get in a fix with some aspects of the terminology that wall behavioral science when it comes to frank training .
Most people today do understand what Positive Reinforcement is .
They sympathise that this means teach dogs the right affair to do by reinforcing good behaviour with rewards .
However , many citizenry still misunderstand what Negative Reinforcement is .
And that is what we are start to address in this article
Negative reinforcement doesn’t mean correcting a dog
People sometimes refer to mild punishment or corrections as Negative Reinforcement .
They think that if Positive Reinforcement mean teaching dogs what they should do using rewards , then Negative Reinforcement must be all about teaching frank what they must NOT do , using correction .
This is not the fount .
Negative reinforcement doesn’t mean ‘stopping bad behavior’
The confusion usually arises because we conceive of ‘ negative ’ as meaning big or unpleasant , and ‘ positive ’ as being good or happy .
However , the language of deportment come from behavioral science .
And in behavioral scientific discipline and in activities derived from it such as bounder training , positive and negative aremathematical termswhich advert to addition and subtraction
It’s all to do with maths
To sympathise what Negative Reinforcement really is , we need to break it up into the two half .
The first one-half – NEGATIVE – refers to the events that are involve place around the dog – commonly as the result of an action take by the flight simulator .
The second one-half – REINFORCEMENT – mention to theeffectof this eventon the Canis familiaris .
And how the dog is affected , depends entirely on how the heel perceives or experience that event .
This will become clear I promise !
Let ’s take the first half first and wait at the Son NEGATIVE
Addition and subtraction
I said originally that negative and positive in frump training are mathematical terms .
These terms refer to what is hap around the weenie , the result of the dogs behavior . consequence that the dog ’s trainer will attempt to moderate .
Adding something
pawl trainers may ply consequences to their dog ’s behavior by adding something . It does n’t have to be something the trainerdoes , it could be something hesays , or something he allows the blackguard to do .
So for example a stern “ NO ” or “ AH AH ” would be something added by the flight simulator . It was n’t there before .
A tang or a poking from the flight simulator would also be something added .
So would a treat or a secret plan with a orchis . This are all moment designedly added to the domestic dog ’s experience of life . They are all therefore , in behavioural terms POSITIVE – even though some of them are clearly unpleasant .
Taking something away
Sometimes frankfurter flight simulator subtract or take away , something from the wiener as a import of his behaviour .
A trainer might take aside a delicacy , or a musket ball . He mighttake awaythe wiener ’s opportunity to spiel with another dog by removing him or restraining him .
A flight simulator can also take away something really unpleasant , painful or scary .
All of these consequence are NEGATIVE even though some of them are in effect ( like the removal of pain for example ) and some are uncollectible – from the domestic dog ’s period of view . But it is not their effect that we are concerned with when we use the word NEGATIVE .
Negative means something taken away
So to recap . The Son negative has nothing whatever to do with the finaleffecton the dog ’s behavior . Itdoesn’tmean something that is unpleasant for the weenie and itdoesn’tmean instruction the dog not to do thing .
It simply mean that the trainer has take something that the frankfurter was experiencing .
Now to understand the whole term Negative Reinforcement we need to face at the second part of the term .
The part concerned with how the dog is regard by what happened around him . We need to interpret exactly what is meant by the use of the wordreinforcement .
What does reinforcement mean?
reward is about the effect of what pass to the wiener . Crucially it is about how the wiener perceived what just chance .
reinforcing stimulus is anything thatincreasesa dog ’s behavior , or makes it more likely to be repeated in the future .
And for that to happen , reinforcementmustbe something that the frump values or appreciates . It need to be something the pawl really care or wants .
Examples of thing that can be used for reinforcement
To increase or strengthen a dogs behavior we need to go for reinforcement . Which means being very vindicated about what cad in general and our dog in particular , finds reinforcing .
Obviously this will include goody and games , chance to play with his Quaker and so on .
But significantly , reinforcement also include thecessationof something unpleasant . Including fright , uncomfortableness , or pain .
So this is Negative Reinforcement
Remember negative , in hound training , means take something away . And support in dog training means something which makes behaviour strong .
So Negative Reinforcement is where a handler or dog flight simulator involve away something and by doing so increment or strengthens the behavior that he is cultivate .
The unpleasant fact that we now ask to speak , is how this process is used .
Examples of negative reinforcement in dog training
wienerwurst trainers do n’t just waitress around for something unpleasant to materialise to their dogs , then grab the opportunity to ‘ switch off ’ the unpleasant thing for reward whatever their dog happens to be doing at the time .
This would be a completely haphazard and ineffective strategy .
Therefore , in social club to ‘ move out ’ something unpleasant under controlled conditions , the flight simulator has to apply the unpleasant thing to the weenie in the first place .
You may find it intemperate to believe that anyone would do this to a dog , but in fact , this technique has been used extensively in retriever training in the USA now for several tenner .
Trainers apply nuisance to the dog in the form of an ear pinch or toe tour of duty , and end the app of painful sensation when the bounder complies with their prerequisite .
I ’m not going to go into the right hand and wrong of this , here in this article , but this is a very clear exemplar of negative reinforcement in legal action .
Summary
Negative Reinforcement is not about correcting pawl or finish bad behavior .
The traditional Canis familiaris training technique used forthatpurpose all encompass the principle of Positive Punishment ( which need not necessarily be abrasive ) which think ‘ something added , that lessen behavior .
Negative Reinforcement is about turning off something unpleasant , and its most common use in dog training is in the operation known as Force Fetch for retrievers as describe above .
Negative Reinforcement is not ordinarily used in frankfurter breeding in the UK and is not wide used in wienerwurst training at all . It requires the program of an unpleasant stimulus to the dog , in order that a trainer can then turn the unpleasantnessoffwhen the dog complies .
The key point is that
A word about Punishment
Remember that punishment is anything which diminish behavior . It does not have to be coarse to be penalization . It does not even have to be physical to be penalization . It just has to be something that the dog will work to forfend .
Punishment can be either Positive ( something added like a ‘ smack ’ or a stern word ) or Negative ( something the dog want , is take away ) .
More information
you could also come up a elaborate explanation of the meaning of punishment and reward in these two article
And if you are concerned in instruct more about the spoken communication and rule of dog training , drop in to my forumfor a confabulation !
